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Inside the laboratory

Pesticides: a result depends on what was looked for

An analysis does not search the entire chemical universe in a single glance. It determines which substances to investigate and with what capability. A claim as brief as “pesticide-free” can therefore compress many questions that should remain visible to the reader.

Glass vials with black caps in the autosampler of an HPLC instrument.
An analysis only answers for the substances it looks for: the panel and limits define what “free from” means.

The list is part of the result

A pesticide panel consists of defined analytes. If a substance is not included, the absence of a result does not justify saying it was ruled out. This seems obvious when reading a list, but often disappears when documentation is summarised in a generic seal or advertising phrase.

Health Canada publishes specific testing requirements for pesticide active ingredients under its cannabis framework. The document identifies scope and conditions, illustrating how testing centres on specific substances and capabilities. It is a Canadian technical reference; its requirements should not be presented as Spanish legislation. Health Canada: pesticide testing requirements

More analytes do not automatically mean a better answer

A broad panel can provide information, but limits and the suitability of the method for the sample also matter. Counting rows is not enough. A report with many names and limits of little use for the question may offer less clarity than one designed appropriately for the criterion being assessed.

A fictional example: panel A includes forty substances and panel B eighty, but only A clearly reports the matrix, limits and assessment criterion. We cannot declare B the winner because it is longer. Nor can we conclude that A is sufficient for every purpose. Performance and scope need comparing, not the impression of exhaustiveness.

Not detected, not quantified and not tested for

These three situations must be distinguished. “Not detected” needs a detection limit. “Below the limit of quantification” preserves different information. “Not tested for” means the report does not answer that question. Turning all three into zero removes relevant differences and makes documentation harder to review.

Health Canada’s analytical validation guidance stresses that performance must be checked in relevant matrices. This requirement helps explain why a complex sample may need a different assessment from a simple solution. A method has to work for its assigned task, not merely offer an attractive specification. Health Canada: analytical validation by matrix

What to ask of a claim that sounds too complete

A more informative formulation would be: “in this sample, the analytes in the specified panel were not detected above the declared limits”. It is lengthy, but a clear table can accompany it. An editorial alternative is a brief summary linking directly to the complete document, without the summary promising more than the report.

The connection to the batch should also be clear. A good result for one batch does not automatically become a permanent guarantee for every subsequent one. For readers, the useful habit is asking “what exactly was tested for?” This does not presume a problem; it requires a broad claim to rest on evidence whose scope we can understand.

Take this with you

A pesticide panel is valuable for the substances and limits it documents. “Not tested for” must never become “zero”.

Sources you can open

The source may be in its original language. English publication does not change the jurisdiction or date discussed.

  1. Health Canada: pesticide testing requirements
  2. Health Canada: analytical validation by matrix

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